Killing of Sophie Toscan du Plantier

Sophie Toscan du Plantier, a 39-year-old French television producer, was found dead on the morning of 23 December 1996 near her holiday cottage in Toormore, Goleen, County Cork, Ireland. Her body, dressed in nightwear and boots, was discovered in a laneway by a neighbour; her longjohn bottoms were caught on a barbed-wire fence, and bloodstains were found on a gate, a piece of slate, and a concrete block. The State pathologist, Dr. John Harbison, who examined the body approximately 28 hours after it was found, recorded "laceration and swelling of the brain, fracture of the skull, and multiple blunt head injuries." Her facial injuries were so severe that her neighbour could not formally identify her.

The Garda Síochána investigation was later criticised for mishandling evidence, including the disappearance of the bloodstained gate while in police custody (which Gardaí said had been disposed of due to lack of evidentiary value), and for allegedly coercing and intimidating witnesses, including prime suspect Ian Bailey. A Garda Síochána Ombudsman Commission report found administrative failings but no evidence of high-level corruption, though it noted that investigation records had been altered and pages removed after the initial inquiry.

Ian Kenneth Bailey, a British freelance journalist living locally, was arrested twice by Gardaí but never charged, as the Director of Public Prosecutions found insufficient evidence to proceed to trial in Ireland. Bailey had a history of domestic violence towards his partner known to local Gardaí, and was convicted of an unrelated assault in 2001. He denied knowing the victim, though several witnesses contradicted this, and he was noted to have unexplained scratches and a forehead injury in the days after the murder. Bailey and his partner gave conflicting accounts of his whereabouts on the night of the killing. Several witnesses later testified that Bailey had made statements admitting involvement, which he disputed.

A key witness who claimed to have seen a man on Kealfadda Bridge near the scene at 3 am the night of the murder later gave contradictory testimony across multiple legal proceedings, and a transcript of her 2015 evidence was referred to the DPP over possible perjury concerns.

French authorities pursued extradition proceedings against Bailey for years; Ireland's Supreme Court overturned an extradition order in 2012, and the High Court again refused extradition in October 2020 under Section 44 of the European Arrest Warrant Act, since the alleged offence occurred outside French territory. In May 2019, the Cour d'Assises in Paris convicted Bailey of murder in absentia and sentenced him to 25 years in prison; he remained in Ireland and was never extradited. A 2017 Fennelly Commission investigation into secretly recorded Garda phone calls found evidence Gardaí had been "prepared to contemplate" altering or suppressing evidence but found no proof this occurred, while also finding Gardaí had improperly disclosed confidential case information to journalists and civilians. Bailey died on 21 January 2024, aged 66, following a suspected cardiac arrest outside his residence in Bantry. In June 2022, the Garda Serious Crime Review Team was reported to be conducting a full review of the case, and following Bailey's death Gardaí searched his flat under warrant, seizing items including a laptop and notebooks for potential DNA analysis.