Casepin
Back to cases

Case file

1945 Utah prisoner of war massacre

SOLVED1945Camp Salina, Salina, Utah, United States3 SOURCESUPDATED JUL 2026
Camp Salina (German POW Massacre)
Camp Salina (German POW Massacre) — Credit: raschau · CC BY 2.0

On the night of July 7–8, 1945, Private Clarence Vincent Bertucci, an American soldier on guard duty at Camp Salina, a small prisoner-of-war camp in Salina, Utah, opened fire on tents housing sleeping German prisoners of war. Camp Salina held roughly 250 German prisoners, most from the Afrika Korps, who had been sent to the area to help with the sugar beet and produce harvest. Bertucci had spent the evening drinking and, before returning to camp, told a waitress at a local café that "something exciting is going to happen tonight."

After the midnight changing of the guard, Bertucci waited for the off-going watch to go to sleep, then climbed the guard tower nearest the officers' quarters and loaded the mounted .30-caliber M1917 Browning machine gun. He fired on the camp for approximately fifteen seconds, discharging about 250 rounds and hitting thirty of the camp's forty-three tents before being removed from the tower by another soldier. He reportedly resisted coming down, saying some of the Germans "are still alive" and demanding more ammunition. Six prisoners were killed outright, two died later in Salina's hospital, and one more died five days later in an army hospital, bringing the total to nine dead; nineteen others were wounded. Bertucci was taken into custody without resistance and was found not to have been intoxicated at the time of his arrest.

Bertucci, born in New Orleans in 1921, had joined the Army in 1940 and had a record of disciplinary problems, including two prior courts-martial. He had reportedly expressed hatred toward Germans before the incident, saying he had felt "cheated" out of a chance to kill Germans during his wartime service. After the shooting, he stated plainly that he had hated Germans, so he had killed Germans. An Army investigator, Captain Wayne Owens, concluded Bertucci was sane and recommended court-martial, arguing there was no evidence of intoxication or unfitness for duty. However, after weeks of evaluation at Bushnell Army Hospital in Brigham City, Utah, doctors determined Bertucci was "mentally unbalanced." Military officials forwent a court-martial on grounds of insanity, and he was sent to Mason General Hospital in Brentwood, New York. He died on December 2, 1969.

The nine victims — Otto Bross, Ernst Fuchs, Gottfried Gaag, Georg Liske, Hans Meyer, Adolf Paul, Fritz Stockmann, Walter Vogel, and Friedrich Ritter — were buried with full military honors at Fort Douglas Cemetery on July 12, 1945, with a separate service for Ritter, who died later. Their caskets bore no flags because the Nazi flag had been banned and no replacement German flag yet existed. A German War Memorial was later erected at the cemetery and refurbished in 1988 with funding from the German Air Force. Surviving wounded prisoners were repatriated to Germany once healthy enough to travel; a bilateral agreement limited their eligibility for American compensation to benefits comparable to those for German veterans. A museum on the site of Camp Salina opened to the public on November 12, 2016. The event is described as the largest killing of enemy prisoners of war in the United States during World War II.

Key facts

Victims
Ernst Fuchs, Otto Bross, Gottfried Gaag, Georg Liske, Fritz Stockmann, Adolf Paul, Friedrich Ritter, Hans Meyer, Walter Vogel
Date
1945
Location
Camp Salina, Salina, Utah, United States
Case status
solved

Case timeline

  1. 1944

    Camp Salina begins operating as a branch prisoner-of-war camp housing German and Italian prisoners, most from the Afrika Korps.

  2. 1945-07-07

    Private Clarence V. Bertucci drinks in Salina and tells a waitress that 'something exciting is going to happen tonight' before reporting for guard duty.

  3. 1945-07-08

    Around midnight, Bertucci opens fire with a machine gun on sleeping German prisoners at Camp Salina, killing six outright and wounding nineteen.

  4. 1945-07-14

    Friedrich Ritter, wounded in the attack, dies of his injuries in an army hospital, bringing the death toll to nine.

  5. 1945-07-12

    Victims are buried with full military honors at Fort Douglas Cemetery.

  6. 1945-07-23

    Time magazine publishes an article on the incident, referring to it as the 'Midnight Massacre.'

  7. 1969-12-02

    Clarence V. Bertucci dies.

  8. 1988

    The German Air Force funds refurbishment of the German War Memorial at Fort Douglas Cemetery.

  9. 2016-11-12

    A museum on the site of Camp Salina opens to the public.

Best coverage

No approved coverage links are attached yet.

People

  • Ernst Fuchs

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 24

  • Otto Bross

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 25

  • Gottfried Gaag

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 29

  • Georg Liske

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 31, married

  • Fritz Stockmann

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 24

  • Adolf Paul

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 28

  • Friedrich Ritter

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war who died of his wounds five days after the attack, age 48, married

  • Clarence V. Bertucci

    CHARGED

    American soldier who opened fire on the camp; court-martial was foregone after military doctors found him mentally unbalanced, and he was committed to a military hospital instead of being tried

  • Wayne Owens

    LAW ENFORCEMENT

    Army captain who investigated the incident and concluded Bertucci was sane and should be court-martialed

  • Hans Meyer

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, age 24

  • Walter Vogel

    VICTIM

    German prisoner of war killed in the attack, married

Roles reflect public records and court outcomes at the time of writing — supporting citations are on file under Sources.

Archival records

  • Camp Salina (German POW Massacre)

    archival location

    Camp Salina (German POW Massacre)

    Credit: raschau · CC BY 2.0 · Source

Places

Common questions

What happened to the victim?
At midnight on July 8, 1945, American guard Clarence V. Bertucci opened machine-gun fire on sleeping German prisoners of war at Camp Salina, Utah, killing nine and wounding nineteen.
Where did the massacre happen?
Camp Salina, Salina, Utah, United States.
What is the current status of the case?
Status: solved.

Sources

  1. ENCYCLOPEDIC1945 Utah prisoner of war massacreWikipedia · 2026-07-07
  2. PRESSWe Were Each Other's Prisonersopenlibrary.org · 2026-07-07
  3. PRESSContemporaneous coverage of the Camp Salina massacredailyutahchronicle.com · 2026-07-07

Record history

First published
JUL 07, 2026