Unsolved case · 1976
Also known as Reavey and O'Dowd shootings
Tullyah Road at Greyhillan - geograph.org.uk - 1533685Credit: Dean MolyneauxCC BY-SA 2.0SourceThe short answer
On 4 January 1976, loyalist gunmen shot seven Irish Catholic civilians in two attacks on the Reavey family home in Whitecross and the O'Dowd family home in Ballydougan, County Armagh, killing six outright and fatally wounding a seventh.
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Suggest coverage for Reavey and O'Dowd killingsOn the evening of 4 January 1976, masked gunmen carried out two coordinated attacks on Catholic families in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. At about 6:10pm, at least three men entered the unlocked home of the Reavey family in Whitecross, where brothers John (24), Brian (22) and Anthony Reavey (17) were watching television. The gunmen opened fire with two 9mm Sterling submachine guns, a 9mm Luger pistol and a .455 Webley revolver. John and Brian were killed outright. Anthony was shot multiple times while hiding under a bed but survived the initial attack, crawling roughly 200 yards to a neighbour's house for help. He died of a brain haemorrhage on 30 January, and is officially listed as a victim of the Troubles despite a pathologist finding the shooting played no part in his death.
Ten minutes later and about fifteen miles away, three masked men burst into the O'Dowd family home in Ballydougan during a family reunion attended by sixteen people. The gunmen sprayed the sitting room with bullets, killing Joseph O'Dowd (61) and his nephews Barry (24) and Declan O'Dowd (19), all members of the Social Democratic and Labour Party. Barney O'Dowd, father of Barry and Declan, was wounded.
The attacks were claimed by the "Protestant Action Force," a cover name used by the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). Investigations later linked the killings to the "Glenanne gang," a loyalist alliance including UVF members, British soldiers from the Ulster Defence Regiment, and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) officers. Former RUC officer Billy McCaughey admitted in 1988 to taking part in the Reavey attack, though he denied firing shots, and named RUC reservist James Mitchell as the getaway driver. Neither man was charged over the Reavey shootings. RUC officer John Weir, in an affidavit to Irish Supreme Court Justice Henry Barron, named British Army UDR soldier Robert McConnell, RUC officer Laurence McClure, and James Mitchell as involved in the Reavey killings, and named Mid-Ulster UVF leader Robin Jackson as the main gunman in the O'Dowd shootings. None of these named individuals were charged in relation to these killings. In 2021, the Police Ombudsman asked prosecutors to consider whether sufficient evidence existed to charge a former RUC officer with the Reavey killings.
The families reported that RUC officers investigating the shootings were hostile, though a police inquest found no paramilitary links to either family. The following day, gunmen killed ten Protestant workmen in what became known as the Kingsmill massacre, claimed as retaliation for the Reavey and O'Dowd attacks. Members of the security forces subsequently harassed the Reavey family and accused survivor Eugene Reavey of orchestrating the Kingsmill massacre; a 2010 Historical Enquiries Team report cleared him of involvement, and the Police Service of Northern Ireland apologised in 2007 for the harassment the family suffered.
Provisional IRA and British Government enter a truce; sectarian killings rise in the following months.
UVF shoots dead three Catholic civilians at a social club in Bleary, near Ballydougan.
UVF members shoot dead three members of an Irish pop band at Buskhill, near Whitecross.
Gunmen open fire on a minibus outside Gilford, killing two Catholics.
UVF attacks McGleenan's Bar in Armagh, killing three Catholic civilians.
Two Catholics shot dead at a fake military checkpoint in Altnamachin.
Gunmen shoot dead five Protestant civilians at Tullyvallan Orange Hall near Whitecross.
Loyalists carry out car bomb and gun attacks in Dundalk and Silverbridge, killing five Catholic civilians.
Bomb attack on a pub in Gilford kills three Protestant civilians; claimed by the 'People's Republican Army'.
Gunmen shoot John, Brian and Anthony Reavey in their home in Whitecross, and shoot Joseph, Barry and Declan O'Dowd and wound Barney O'Dowd in their home in Ballydougan.
Ten Protestant workmen shot dead near Whitecross in the Kingsmill massacre, claimed as retaliation for the Reavey and O'Dowd killings.
Anthony Reavey dies of a brain haemorrhage.
Former RUC officer Billy McCaughey admits taking part in the Reavey attack while imprisoned for another murder.
DUP leader Ian Paisley states in the House of Commons that Eugene Reavey 'set up' the Kingsmill massacre.
Police Service of Northern Ireland apologises for harassment suffered by the Reavey family after the killings.
Historical Enquiries Team report clears Eugene Reavey of involvement in the Kingsmill massacre.
Police Ombudsman asks prosecutors to consider whether there is enough evidence to charge a former RUC officer with the Reavey killings.
Victims first. Every legal label is set from public records and court outcomes, not from the prose.
Shot multiple times aged 17; died of a brain haemorrhage on 30 January 1976 and is officially listed as a Troubles victim.[3]
Wounded by gunfire in the attack on his family home; father of victims Barry and Declan O'Dowd.[3]
Shot dead, aged 24, in the family home in Ballydougan on 4 January 1976.[3]
Shot dead, aged 22, in his family home in Whitecross on 4 January 1976.[3]
Shot dead, aged 19, in the family home in Ballydougan on 4 January 1976.[3]
Surviving brother of John, Brian and Anthony Reavey; publicly accused by Ian Paisley of orchestrating the Kingsmill massacre, an allegation from which a 2010 police report cleared him.[3]
Shot dead, aged 24, in his family home in Whitecross on 4 January 1976.[3]
Shot dead, aged 61, in the family home in Ballydougan on 4 January 1976.[3]
Former RUC Special Patrol Group officer whose affidavit to Justice Henry Barron named individuals allegedly involved in the Reavey and O'Dowd shootings.[3]
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