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2002 Bali Bombings

On 12 October 2002, Jemaah Islamiyah militants detonated three bombs in Kuta, Bali, killing 202 people and injuring 209 others in Indonesia's deadliest terrorist attack.

SOLVED2002

Kuta, Bali, Indonesia

3 SOURCESUPDATED JUL 2026
Bali 2002 bombing Memorial Melbourne
Bali 2002 bombing Memorial Melbourne — Credit: User:Peter Ellis · CC BY-SA 3.0

On the night of 12 October 2002, a coordinated terrorist attack struck the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. At 11:05 p.m., a suicide bomber detonated an explosives vest inside the nightclub Paddy's Pub. Approximately twenty seconds later, a second suicide bomber detonated a large car bomb packed in a Mitsubishi L300 van outside the Sari Club, an open-air bar across the street. A third, much smaller device exploded outside the United States consulate in Denpasar, causing only minor injuries and property damage. The attacks killed 202 people—151 Westerners, 38 local Indonesians, 10 nationals of six other countries, and 3 unidentified victims—and injured a further 209, making it the worst terrorist act in Indonesia's history. The largest single national group among the dead were Australian tourists, with 88 fatalities. On 14 October 2002, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1438 condemning the bombings as a threat to international peace and security.

Investigators determined the Sari Club bomb was built from a mixture of potassium chlorate, aluminium powder, and sulfur packed into twelve plastic filing cabinets, connected by detonating cord and fitted with electric detonators, with a total weight of roughly 1,020 kilograms. Indonesian police identified the plot as the work of Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamist militant organization. The arrest of Amrozi bin Nurhasyim, based on evidence including chemical residue, purchase receipts, and mobile phone records, led investigators to a wider network of suspects, including Ali Imron, Imam Samudra, Dulmatin, Idris, Abdul Ghani, and Umar Patek.

Legal proceedings followed over subsequent years. Amrozi bin Nurhasyim was sentenced to death on 8 August 2003 for buying explosives and the van used in the bombings. Imam Samudra was sentenced to death on 10 September 2003. Ali Imron, Amrozi's brother, received a life sentence on 18 September 2003 after expressing remorse. Ali Ghufron, alias Mukhlas, was sentenced to death on 1 October 2003 and told police he had ordered the bombings as a Jemaah Islamiyah cell leader. Amrozi, Imam Samudra, and Mukhlas were executed by firing squad after midnight on 9 November 2008 at the Nusakambangan island prison. Abu Bakar Bashir, alleged spiritual leader of Jemaah Islamiyah, was convicted on 3 March 2005 of conspiracy in relation to the Bali attacks and sentenced to two and a half years; his earlier acquittal on treason charges and a separate later conviction related to different bombings had varied outcomes, and his Bali-related conviction was ultimately overturned by Indonesia's Supreme Court in December 2006. Bomb-maker Azahari Husin was killed in a police raid in November 2005, and Dulmatin, believed to have detonated one of the Bali bombs, was killed in a shootout with police in March 2010. Umar Patek was arrested in Pakistan in early 2011, and Zulkarnaen was arrested in Indonesia in December 2020.

The bombings prompted numerous memorials in Bali, Australia, the United Kingdom, and elsewhere, and led to formal recognition of rescuer heroism under Australia's honours system, including the Cross of Valour and Star of Courage.

Key facts

Victims
Tom Singer, Jake Young, Marc Gajado
Date
2002
Location
Kuta, Bali, Indonesia
Case status
solved

Case timeline

  1. 2002-10-12

    Suicide bomber detonates explosives vest at Paddy's Pub; seconds later a car bomb detonates outside the Sari Club; a smaller device explodes outside the US consulate in Denpasar. 202 people killed, 209 injured.

  2. 2002-10-14

    UN Security Council passes Resolution 1438 condemning the attack.

  3. 2003-04-30

    First charges related to the bombings filed against Amrozi bin Nurhasyim.

  4. 2003-08-08

    Amrozi bin Nurhasyim found guilty and sentenced to death.

  5. 2003-09-10

    Imam Samudra sentenced to death.

  6. 2003-09-18

    Ali Imron sentenced to life imprisonment.

  7. 2003-10-01

    Ali Ghufron (Mukhlas) sentenced to death.

  8. 2004-07-23

    Convicted bomber Maskur Abdul Kadir successfully appeals his conviction; Constitutional Court rules retroactive laws used in Bali trials unconstitutional.

  9. 2004-10-12

    Permanent memorial dedicated at the site of Paddy's Pub on the second anniversary of the attack.

  10. 2005-03-03

    Abu Bakar Bashir convicted of conspiracy over the 2002 Bali attacks and sentenced to two and a half years imprisonment.

  11. 2005-11-09

    Bomb-maker Azahari Husin killed in a police raid in Batu, East Java.

  12. 2006-06-14

    Abu Bakar Bashir freed after serving less than 26 months.

  13. 2006-12-21

    Bashir's conspiracy conviction overturned by Indonesia's Supreme Court.

  14. 2007-06-13

    Suspect Abu Dujana reported captured.

  15. 2008-11-09

    Amrozi bin Nurhasyim, Imam Samudra, and Ali Ghufron (Mukhlas) executed by firing squad at Nusakambangan prison.

  16. 2010-03-09

    Dulmatin killed in a shootout with Indonesian police in Pamulang, South Tangerang.

  17. 2011

    Umar Patek arrested in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

  18. 2020-12-10

    Suspect Zulkarnaen arrested in Lampung, Indonesia.

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People

  • Ali Imron

    CONVICTED

    Brother of Amrozi; sentenced to life imprisonment on 18 September 2003 after expressing remorse for his role.

  • Tom Singer

    VICTIM

    Injured in the Sari Club bombing and helped by rescuer Hanabeth Luke; died in hospital about a month after the attack.

  • Zulkarnaen

    CHARGED

    Suspect arrested in Lampung, Indonesia, on 10 December 2020 in connection with Jemaah Islamiyah activities.

  • Jake Young

    VICTIM

    Member of the Hong Kong Football Club killed in the bombings, later commemorated with a memorial placard.

  • Maskur Abdul Kadir

    CONVICTED

    Convicted bomber whose conviction was successfully appealed on 23 July 2004 after Indonesia's Constitutional Court found the retroactive laws used in his trial unconstitutional.

  • Ali Ghufron

    CONVICTED

    Also known as Mukhlas; convicted and sentenced to death on 1 October 2003 as a Jemaah Islamiyah cell leader who ordered the bombings; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.

  • Amrozi bin Nurhasyim

    CONVICTED

    Convicted and sentenced to death on 8 August 2003 for buying explosives and the van used in the bombings; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.

  • Umar Patek

    CHARGED

    Named as a suspect involved in the bombings; arrested in Abbottabad, Pakistan, in early 2011.

  • Marc Gajado

    VICTIM

    Killed instantly in the Sari Club bombing; his partner Hanabeth Luke searched for him after the blast.

  • Riduan Isamuddin

    CHARGED

    Known as Hambali; described as operational chief of Jemaah Islamiyah; arrested in Thailand on 11 August 2003 and held in U.S. custody at Guantanamo Bay; confessed to sending funds for the bombings.

  • Imam Samudra

    CONVICTED

    Convicted and sentenced to death on 10 September 2003; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.

  • Abu Bakar Bashir

    CONVICTED

    Alleged Jemaah Islamiyah spiritual leader; convicted of conspiracy over the 2002 Bali attacks on 3 March 2005 and sentenced to two and a half years; conviction later overturned by Indonesia's Supreme Court on 21 December 2006.

  • Idris

    CHARGED

    Confessed to participating in the attack; charges against him were dismissed following the Constitutional Court's 2004 ruling on retroactive laws.

Roles reflect public records and court outcomes at the time of writing — supporting citations are on file under Sources.

Archival records

  • Bali 2002 bombing Memorial Melbourne

    archival location

    Bali 2002 bombing Memorial Melbourne

    Credit: User:Peter Ellis · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Source

  • Bali bombing memorial in London, Horse Guard Road

    archival location

    Bali bombing memorial in London, Horse Guard Road

    Credit: Eluveitie · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Source

  • 2004 Mitsubishi Colt L300 Star Wagon 2.5 L039P by Karya Logam (20200227)

    unclassified

    2004 Mitsubishi Colt L300 Star Wagon 2.5 L039P by Karya Logam (20200227)

    Credit: オーバードライブ83 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Source

  • Bali memorial coogee

    archival location

    Bali memorial coogee

    Credit: Daniel Petrucci · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Source

  • Ex-paddys

    archival location

    Ex-paddys

    Credit: Jeffsboxing at English Wikipedia · Public domain · Source

  • Public art - Bali Memorial, Kings Park

    archival location

    Public art - Bali Memorial, Kings Park

    Credit: Moondyne · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Source

  • Bali kuta blast monument ag2

    archival location

    Bali kuta blast monument ag2

    Credit: CC BY-SA 1.0 · Source

  • Bali memorial

    archival location

    Bali memorial

    Credit: Jonathan Liem · Public domain · Source

  • Balinese ground zero

    archival location

    Balinese ground zero

    Credit: Masgatotkaca · Public domain · Source

  • Memorial to the victims of the 2002 Bali bombings, Kuta, 20220827 1143 1198

    archival location

    Memorial to the victims of the 2002 Bali bombings, Kuta, 20220827 1143 1198

    Credit: Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Source

  • Bali kuta blast monument ag1

    archival location

    Bali kuta blast monument ag1

    Credit: CC BY-SA 1.0 · Source

  • Bali bomb monument

    unclassified

    Bali bomb monument

    Credit: Ilussion · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Source

Places

Kuta, Bali, Indonesia

-8.7172, 115.1742

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Common questions

What happened to the victim?
On 12 October 2002, Jemaah Islamiyah militants detonated three bombs in Kuta, Bali, killing 202 people and injuring 209 others in Indonesia's deadliest terrorist attack.
Where did the crime happen?
Kuta, Bali, Indonesia.
Who was convicted?
Ali Imron (Brother of Amrozi; sentenced to life imprisonment on 18 September 2003 after expressing remorse for his role.), Maskur Abdul Kadir (Convicted bomber whose conviction was successfully appealed on 23 July 2004 after Indonesia's Constitutional Court found the retroactive laws used in his trial unconstitutional.), Ali Ghufron (Also known as Mukhlas; convicted and sentenced to death on 1 October 2003 as a Jemaah Islamiyah cell leader who ordered the bombings; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.), Amrozi bin Nurhasyim (Convicted and sentenced to death on 8 August 2003 for buying explosives and the van used in the bombings; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.), Imam Samudra (Convicted and sentenced to death on 10 September 2003; executed by firing squad on 9 November 2008.), and Abu Bakar Bashir (Alleged Jemaah Islamiyah spiritual leader; convicted of conspiracy over the 2002 Bali attacks on 3 March 2005 and sentenced to two and a half years; conviction later overturned by Indonesia's Supreme Court on 21 December 2006.).
What is the current status of the case?
Status: solved.

Part of these collections

More cases in Indonesia

Sources

  1. ENCYCLOPEDIC2002 Bali bombingsWikipedia · 2026-07-07
  2. OFFICIAL / AGENCYContemporaneous coverage — honours.pmc.gov.auhonours.pmc.gov.au · 2026-07-07
  3. PRESSContemporaneous coverage — The Sydney Morning HeraldThe Sydney Morning Herald · 2026-07-07

Record history

First published
JUL 07, 2026

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